TMJ (temporomandibular joint) syndrome refers to a group of disorders that affect the jaw joint and the muscles that surround it.

Symptoms of TMJ syndrome may include pain in the jaw, ear or head, difficulty opening or closing the mouth, clicking or crackling when moving the jaw, and in some cases, neck and shoulder pain.

TMJ syndrome can have several causes, including stress, muscle tension, arthritis, bruxism (teeth grinding), poor jaw alignment, jaw or neck injury, and other factors.

Diagnosing TMJ syndrome involves a complete dental and medical evaluation, which may include x-rays and other imaging tests. In some cases, an MRI may be necessary to evaluate the jaw joint.

Treatment of TMJ syndrome may include diet and lifestyle changes, stretching and strengthening exercises, physical therapy, use of dental splints, pain medications, and in severe cases, surgery.

While it is not always possible to prevent TMJ syndrome, you can take steps to reduce your risk of developing it, such as avoiding teeth grinding, reducing stress, and maintaining good posture.

In many cases, TMJ syndrome can improve significantly with proper treatment, but in some cases, symptoms may persist chronically. It is important to seek medical attention if you experience symptoms of TMJ syndrome to receive appropriate treatment and minimize the risk of long-term complications.